Learning About Brachial Plexus Palsy in Newborns

What is brachial plexus palsy?

Brachial plexus palsy is a problem with the muscles in a baby's arm. The brachial plexus is a bundle of nerves that runs between the spine and the arm. If one of the nerves is stretched or damaged, it can weaken the muscle and make it hard for the baby to move the arm.

Often it's not clear how the nerve was damaged. Sometimes it's caused by a difficult birth.

The doctor can tell which nerve was affected by noting how the baby moves. The baby may not move the affected arm as much as the other one or may hold his or her hand at an angle.

The affected arm usually gets better in about 3 months. In some cases, the nerve damage can last longer or be a permanent problem.

How is it treated?

• If childbirth was difficult because the baby is large, he or she may be treated for low blood sugar or breathing problems.
• Gentle massage and range-of-motion exercises at home may help your baby. The doctor will give you instructions about how to do this.
• Your baby may get physiotherapy until the weak arm starts to get stronger.
• In severe cases, surgery may be done to repair the nerve. It may take up to 6 months to know if surgery is needed.

What can you expect?

• An orthopedic surgeon or physiotherapist may give you a treatment plan for your baby's arm.
• After going home, your baby will need routine checkups to check his or her arm. He or she may need more physiotherapy in the future.