Genital Warts (Human Papillomavirus)
British Columbia Specific InformationGenital warts are a sexually transmitted infection (STI) that are caused by infection from the human papillomavirus (HPV). For information about genital warts, see
HealthLinkBC File #08k Genital Warts. Information about the human papillomavirus (HPV) and the HPV vaccine can be found in
HealthLinkBC File #101a Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Infection and
HealthLinkBC File #101b Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccine.
Health Canada approves the HPV vaccine Gardasil
for use in women up to the age of 45. The vaccine is provided free to girls in grade 6. Girls born in 1994 or later who were eligible for the HPV vaccine but did not receive it may contact their local health unit to get vaccinated at no cost. Immunize BC further recommends the vaccine to boys age 9 to 26 but this is currently not publicly funded. Women and girls under the age of 45 who are not eligible to receive the vaccine for free can purchase it from a pharmacy or at their doctor's office. For more information on other HPV vaccine programs in B.C., visit the
ImmunizeBC website.
For more information on sexually transmitted infections, including sexual health information, where to get tested and other sexual health services in your area, visit the
SmartSexResource website.
Last Revised:
November 16, 2012
National Advisory Committee on Immunization (NACI) (2012). Update on human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines. Canada Communicable Disease Report, 38(ACS-1): 1–62. Also available online: http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/publicat/ccdr-rmtc/12vol38/acs-dcc-1/index-eng.php#a5.
Bonnez W, Reichman RC (2010).
Papillomaviruses. In GL Mandell et al., eds., Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases, 7th ed., vol. 2, pp. 2035–2049.
Philadelphia: Churchill Livingstone Elsevier.
International Collaboration of Epidemiological Studies
of Cervical Cancer (2007). Cervical cancer and hormonal contraceptives:
Collaborative reanalysis of individual data for 16,573 women with cervical
cancer and 35,509 women without cervical cancer from 24 epidemiological
studies. Lancet, 370(9599): 1609–1621.
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (2007).
Human Papillomavirus: HPV information for Clinicians.
Available online: http://www.cdc.gov/std/hpv/hpv-clinicians-brochure.htm.
Public Health Agency of Canada (2012). Human papillomavirus (HPV) and men: Questions and answers. Available online: http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/std-mts/hpv-vph/hpv-vph-man-eng.php#a7.
Hildesheim A, et al. (2007). Effect of human
papillomavirus 16/18 L1 viruslike particle vaccine among young women with
preexisting infection. JAMA, 298(7):
743–753.