Neurologists are medical doctors who specialize in the diagnosis and treatment of brain, spinal cord, and nervous system diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, headaches, stroke, or injury.

A neurologist can order or interpret tests such as a computed tomography (CT) scan, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), or lumbar puncture to diagnose problems and may conduct tests to evaluate how well a nerve or muscle is working. A neurologist can prescribe medicines to treat diseases or may refer a person to another specialist if needed.

Neurologists are certified by the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada.